Extreme weather events cause significant crop yield losses at the farm level in German agriculture

Extreme weather events frequently cause severe crop yield losses, affecting food security and farmers’ incomes. In this paper, we aim to provide a holistic assessment of these impacts across various extreme multiple crops. More specifically, estimate compare the impact frost, heat, drought waterlogging on yields winter wheat, barley, rapeseed grain maize production in Germany. We analyse 423,815 farm-level observations between 1995 2019, account for conditions within critical phenological phases. Furthermore, monetarize historical losses due spatially disaggregated level. find that is main driver monetary German agriculture. For instance, single day can reduce wheat by up 0.36%. It estimated during period 1995–2019, summer led which, average, caused annual revenues sink over 23 million Euro vary considerably space time. example, only most important region North Germany was prone heat flowering. Moreover, frost are generally less relevant from an economic point view, but nevertheless crop- regional-specific damage. Our analysis provides stakeholders with information weather-related risk management adaptation strategies.